{"id":322,"date":"2018-07-06T09:19:14","date_gmt":"2018-07-06T09:19:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/?p=322"},"modified":"2018-12-17T00:56:43","modified_gmt":"2018-12-17T00:56:43","slug":"neuromolecular-imaging-a-nanobiotechnology-for-parkinsons-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/2018\/07\/06\/neuromolecular-imaging-a-nanobiotechnology-for-parkinsons-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Neuromolecular imaging, a nanobiotechnology for Parkinson’s disease"},"content":{"rendered":"

Neuromolecular imaging, a nanobiotechnology for\u00a0Parkinson<\/span>‘s disease: advancing pharmacotherapy for personalized medicine.<\/strong><\/h1>\n

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Abstract<\/span><\/h3>\n
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Evaluating each patient and animal as its own control achieve personalized medicine, which honors the Hippocratic philosophy, explaining that “it is far more important to know what person has the disease than what disease the person has.” Similarly, individualizing molecular signaling directly from the patient’s brain in real time is essential for providing prompt, patient-based treatment as dictated by the point\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a0care. Fortunately, nanotechnology effectively treats many neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, the new medicinal frontier for the discovery\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a0therapy for\u00a0Parkinson<\/span>‘s disease is nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology. Indeed, the unique nanotechnology\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a0neuro molecular imaging combined with the series\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>nanobiosensors enables continuous video tracking\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a0molecular neurotransmitters in both the normal physiologic and disease states with long-term electrochemical operational stability. This nanobiotechnology is able to track a signal in real time with excellent temporal and spatial resolution directly from each patient’s brain to a computer as subjects are behaving during movement, normal and\/or dysfunctional including prion-like\u00a0Parkinson<\/span>‘s behavioral biometrics. Moreover, the molecular signaling performed by these\u00a0nanobiosensors<\/span>\u00a0live streams directly online and originates from precise neuroanatomic brain sites such as, in this case, the dorsal striatum in the basal ganglia. Thus, the nanobiotechnology studies discussed herein imaged\u00a0neuromolecules<\/span>\u00a0with and without L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) in dorsal striatal basal ganglia neurons. Parkinsonian and non-Parkinsonian animals were video-tracked, and images were readily seen on a laptop via a potentiostat using a\u00a0semiderivative<\/span>\u00a0electrical circuit. Administered L-DOPA doses were 50 and 100\u00a0mg\/kg intraperitoneally (IP); the same experimental paradigm was used to image and then contrast data. Results showed that the baseline release\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a0biogenic amine molecules was significantly above detection limits in non-Parkinsonian animals. After administration\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a0L-DOPA, biogenic amines significantly increased in these non-Parkinson<\/span>‘s animals. Nevertheless, it is intriguing to see that L-DOPA could not enable synaptic dopamine release in\u00a0Parkinson<\/span>‘s animals, thereby demonstrating that biogenic amines are biomarkers for\u00a0Parkinson<\/span>‘s disease. Biomarkers are biochemical, genetic, or molecular measures\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a0biological reactions. Importantly, there were other significant biomarkers present in Parkinsonian animals and absent in non-Parkinsonian animals; these were peptide neurotransmitters that include dynorphin and somatostatin in the brain with detection limits\u00a0of<\/span>\u00a040\u00a0nM for dynorphin and 37\u00a0nM for somatostatin (see Table\u00a01). Furthermore, L-DOPA significantly increased these peptide biomarkers, dynorphin, and somatostatin, in\u00a0Parkinson<\/span>‘s animals. Targeting biomarkers enables\u00a0<\/span>new diagnostic devices and treatments for\u00a0Parkinson<\/span>‘s disease through nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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KEYWORDS<\/span>:<\/h4>\n

Alzheimer\u2019s disease; Dorsal striatum; Nanobiosensors; Peptides; Prions; \u03b1-Synuclein<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Read more<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Neuromolecular imaging, a nanobiotechnology for\u00a0Parkinson‘s disease: advancing pharmacotherapy for personalized medicine.   Abstract Evaluating each patient and animal as its own control achieve personalized medicine, which honors the Hippocratic philosophy, explaining that “it is far more important to know what person has the disease than what disease the person has.” Similarly, individualizing molecular signaling directly…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-322","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=322"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":415,"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322\/revisions\/415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=322"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=322"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eazysensenanotechnology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=322"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}